Selection of materials
Most modern varnishes are perfect for any type of wood. Therefore, they are successfully used in the mass production of wooden furniture and the design of decorative elements. In practice, the following types of varnish compositions are used:
- Oily. Usually contain synthetic or natural resins. The latter are characterized by a considerable price and are environmentally friendly. After applying such products, a film is formed that protects the surface from moisture.
- Polyurethane. High-quality, as a result of wood coating they form a durable protective layer. This composition is most often used in construction and in the manufacture of many musical instruments.
- Alkyd. Manufactured using synthetic resins and containing a solvent. They are versatile and suitable for covering any wood.
- Acrylic. The main advantage is environmental friendliness. The applied layer makes the base more durable and protects it from moisture. This material is intended for interior work: finishing the ceiling, walls of living rooms.
- Primers. Colorless compositions contain natural oil, after application they prevent the formation of mold and mildew. It is allowed to varnish windows from the outside and entrance doors from the inside.
Modern means can protect even wood that is constantly in water.
Varnishes of various shades are available for sale, with different chemical compositions Source baltija.eu
Velor rollers
Velor rollers stand out from other models in that they practically do not roll and do not splatter paint, unlike models with longer pile. Such rollers can be used for painting any surfaces, but are most often used for finishing painting of perfectly smooth surfaces. The use of a velor roller is possible when working with water-dispersion paints, alkyd and oil-based. Also, velor is not afraid of solvents, which makes it very practical and even more versatile.
Methods of varnishing wooden surfaces
Flawless application of varnish on wood is done using special tools. They are selected based on the volume of work to be done and personal preferences.
Roller
Designed for covering smooth surfaces with the material. Using a roller you can quickly cover large areas. Moreover, the varnish will be applied in an even layer. Additionally, you will need to purchase a plastic tray.
The use of a roller is advisable for large areas with a flat surface Source baltija.eu
Structural rollers
Structural rollers are hard elastic foam rubber with an uneven surface. Such a roller can have large holes, all kinds of patterns on the surface, which, when smoothing the paint, allow you to get an unusual decorative effect. Also, a structural roller can be used to add texture to finishing materials that are applied to walls or ceilings.
Safety regulations
Regardless of the choice of material, when processing wood you need to follow some recommendations. This will allow you to perform the varnishing properly without harming your health.
Basic Rules:
- The rooms in which the material is applied must be equipped with a good ventilation system and illuminated with natural light. In such conditions, there is a high probability of doing the work efficiently and completely safe for health.
- Particular care should be taken when varnishing outdoor surfaces: dust contaminants may get onto the surface being treated. Also, avoid excessive exposure to sunlight. This may cause a decrease in the quality of the work done.
- When applying varnish, you must adhere to the permissible temperature conditions. According to the instructions, for most materials, when varnishing, the temperature in the room and environment should not be lower than +5°C. After treating the wooden base, it is unacceptable to speed up its drying. This will most likely provoke a violation of technology. If the temperature requirements are not met, bubbles and other undesirable defects often appear on the treated surface.
- All types of paint and varnish work are carried out wearing a mask, goggles, gloves, and a protective suit.
Attention! Most varnishes, especially those with a solvent, are characterized by an unpleasant, pungent odor. Therefore, it is extremely important to provide reliable protection for the respiratory system, and therefore maintain your health.
For safety, surface treatment with varnish should be performed in a special protective suit Source parketista.ru
Strengthening joints
Using a special roller, you can effectively strengthen the joints between plasterboard boards. And this can be done in several ways, the simplest and most effective method is the following. First, the joint between the two sheets is primed, after which a reinforced mesh or paper tape must be applied to the primed surface. There is no need to wait until the primer is completely dry; you can press the paper tape or mesh with a tapered roller along the entire length of the joint.
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If you use a regular tool for this job, the tape will stick to it and, as a result, come off. To avoid this, you can wait until the primer dries on the wall, or you can use a specialized roller without waiting for the primer to dry.
Step-by-step instructions for coating wooden bases with varnish
The process of applying material to wood includes several successive stages. Each of them is important and mandatory. To perform the job properly, it is necessary to take into account even the smallest nuances.
Surface and material preparation
To properly varnish wood, you first need to prepare the base. Since even under several layers of material it is impossible to hide small defects on the wood, they should be removed even before the varnishing procedure begins. The only exception is the case when it is deliberately required to emphasize the texture of the base.
Important! Before implementing any treatment, the wood must be properly dried. On the eve of processing, the percentage of its humidity should not exceed 15%.
Most modern paint and varnish compositions, as a rule, are used without preliminary preparation. But there are also products that require dilution. This should be done strictly according to the instructions. For example, alkyd compounds can be diluted with white spirit.
Manual grinding is carried out using sandpaper - a special abrasive tool Source elka-palka.ru
Grinding
The cleaned planed wood base must be sanded with 80 to 100 grit sandpaper.
If there is any old coating of any kind on the surface, it must be removed. This can be done using sandpaper with 40-60 grit. It is quite difficult to remove an unnecessary layer of material by hand, therefore it is recommended to use a grinding device to perform such work.
For further processing, a vibrating grinder is used. The direction of sanding, as well as the grain of the wood, must necessarily coincide, otherwise scratches will subsequently be noticeable even through several layers of varnish.
After finishing sanding, the surface to be treated should be cleaned of any accumulated dust with a soft brush. When the base area is too large, it is better to use a vacuum cleaner.
The use of a grinding machine speeds up the work and greatly facilitates the work. Source stroypomochnik.ru
Primer
When using any type of varnish, it is important to strictly follow the attached instructions for use. In some cases, manufacturers recommend priming the wooden base the day before varnishing. Such a requirement should not be ignored. Otherwise, when applying the product, adhesion (adhesion) may be weak, and after a while the varnish surface will begin to gradually deteriorate.
The primer is selected according to the recommendations for the use of varnish. Usually its manufacturers also produce related materials: various solvents, primers. They also recommend using them. It is permissible to use products of other brands: it is important to understand chemicals. There is always a possibility that the selected compositions will turn out to be incompatible. After interaction of the latter, an undesirable reaction may occur.
Preliminary application of primer to wood ensures better adhesion after varnishing Source kraski-net.ru
Thread rollers
Thread rollers are a universal tool that allows you to efficiently apply almost any paint composition. Most often, experts recommend choosing such rollers for painting rough surfaces where it is necessary to obtain a uniform application of the coloring composition.
Thread rollers are a material with many threads of strong fibers (special fur-polyester), which resembles terry cloth. The advantages of choosing such a roller for painting include the fact that it does not leave lint on the painted surface. Also, such rollers are easy to care for and very easy to wash.
Advice from professionals
There are several professional tips that can help you achieve the best results:
- The application of any decorative coating requires a clean surface, so the base must not only be cleaned, but also dried after washing. Preliminary surface treatment is required for floors made of any material (concrete, tile, wood, plywood).
- When preparing the surface of a concrete floor, quartz sand should be added to the primer. It will make the floor less slippery. In addition, to increase the strength of the cement surface and get rid of dust, you can use a special impregnation topping.
- When preparing wooden flooring for varnishing, it is better to treat the surface with oil or a wax mixture. This treatment will help protect the surface under intense loads.
- For plywood floors, it is better to pre-treat with an acrylic primer, which protects this material well from moisture and mold.
- The readiness of the surface after primer treatment can be checked by placing your palm on the floor. If the composition does not stick to your hand, then you can start painting.
You will learn more about how to properly paint a floor in the following video.
It seems that there is nothing complicated in choosing a paint roller, but in fact it is an important element for painting that requires special attention. The roller determines how the paint will adhere to surfaces, how convenient it will be to paint, whether it is suitable for reuse, and so on. Not only the dimensions of the handle and the roller itself are important, but also the materials that were used for it.
Therefore, for its readers, “Dream House” has prepared a full review that will help you choose a high-quality paint roller and easily cope with painting any surface and any type of paint.
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How to choose a paint roller
Color solutions and decor
Gone are the days when only one color was used to paint a floor. Brown paint and several of its shades were produced specifically for wooden flooring. Today, manufacturers produce a wide color palette, thanks to which you can choose absolutely any shade. Water-based paints are especially distinguished by their color range. There are both ready-made options and those that can be given the desired shade using a special colorant. White paint is the base, to which a certain amount of the desired color is added. In order to get the desired shade of paint, you can add several colors.
Matte varnishes also have different colors and shades. With their help, you can give any wood flooring a touch of noble wood. Painting the floor covering can be done using one color or shade, evenly distributing the product over the entire surface. There are special stencil devices with which the surface of the old floor is transformed by applying a pattern. The technology is simple: a stencil with a cut out pattern is applied to the floor surface, and paint is applied to the open areas.
You can use either a sponge or a roller as a tool.
