How to find out the total surface area to paint

Mode of application

Before you start using the enamel primer, it must be mixed well. The surface is freed from dirt, dust, peeling coatings, as well as rust, which has acquired a loose state. The surface must first be degreased. If the base or products were painted with oil or alkyd paints, then it is necessary to clean them to a matte state. It is unacceptable to apply when the ambient temperature has risen above +30 degrees. Wait an hour or more between coats. As for the complete drying time, this period lasts 2 hours.

Where is PF 115 paint used?

Enamel PF 115 occupies a leading position in the market of paints and varnishes. If we describe it in one word, then the most appropriate one would be “versatility.” Used for painting any type of surface. The paint can be mixed with other compounds, as well as with a primer.

With the help of PF 115, the following types of work are carried out:

• interior painting;
• external finishing works;
• painting on metal, plastic and wood.

The material perfectly tolerates high or low temperatures, precipitation (rain, snow), and is resistant to UV rays. When applying enamel to the surface, a dense, smooth film is formed. Painting can be done using brushes and rollers. If you have a spray gun, spraying the composition over the surface is allowed.

On video: types of paints.

Consumption rates per 1m2

All of the above characteristics have a positive effect on enamel consumption. But if painting takes place in windy or sunny weather, the amount of paint used per m2 will double. Light-colored oil paint is applied in two layers; one will not be enough, as streaks and gaps will be visible. Therefore, when choosing white, gray or yellow, enamel must be purchased with a reserve.

Before painting, prepare the surface of the walls or ceiling. First, wipe it with a damp cloth to remove dirt and accumulated dust. In order to save paint and varnish materials, level the walls with putty and treat with a primer. Thanks to the primer, adhesion (adhesion) and service life of the material are increased.

As practice shows, the rate of material consumption varies from 100 to 180 g. Also, professionals say that on average a can weighing one kilogram is enough to paint 15 m2 of prepared surface. Also, the consumption of PF 115 directly depends on the selected color pigment.

Table of approximate consumption of PF-115 enamel (depending on the selected color)

A spray gun is also suitable; thanks to the fine dispersing jet, the enamel is applied evenly. Brushes absorb a lot of paint, which increases the consumption of material several times.

When calculating enamel consumption rates, add to the total amount the percentage of loss due to the location of the surface. If the floor is painted, the paint will not flow or drip, but for the walls and ceiling you will have to purchase extra material (approximately + 7%).

Do not forget that when painting a wooden surface, the paint will have to be applied in several layers, since wood, due to its uneven structure, absorbs a large amount of material. Consequently, paint consumption will increase. When covering metal surfaces, it is necessary to treat them from rust and contamination, and only then paint them with the desired shade. In some cases, one layer is enough. Plastic is less whimsical.

If you bought more paint than you needed, you can return it to the store within two weeks. To do this, the cans must be unopened; take the receipt for the goods and your passport with you.

What are the approximate consumption rates for paints and varnishes when painting metal structures?

DEPARTMENTAL BUILDING STANDARDS

CONSUMPTION RATES FOR PAINT AND AUXILIARY MATERIALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL STRUCTURES OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

VSN 426-86

Ministry of Montazhspetsstroy USSR

MINISTRY OF INSTALLATION AND SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION WORKS OF THE USSR

Moscow 1987

Developed by VNIKTIstalconstruction of the USSR Ministry of Montazhspetsstroy (L.L. Chuverina, O.M. Zinovieva) and GIPI LKP of the USSR Ministry of Chemical Industry (E.V. Gutkina, G.I. Klyuchnikova, T.Ya. Angarova, L.N. Revenyuk, N.V. . Pichulina).

Introduced by VPO Soyuzstalkonstruktsiya.

Prepared for approval by VPO Soyuzstalkonstruktsiya.

These standards are industry averages and are intended to plan the needs of production associations for paints and varnishes and auxiliary materials for the manufacture of steel building structures (hereinafter referred to as structures).

The standards do not apply to planning the need for paints and varnishes for the manufacture of lightweight structures.

The VSN also provides a methodology for calculating gaseous emissions and solid waste of paints and varnishes generated during the painting of structures at manufacturing plants.

The implementation of the document should promote the rational and economical use of paints and varnishes while ensuring high quality anti-corrosion protection of structures.

1. CONSUMPTION RATES FOR PAINT AND VARNISH MATERIALS

1.1. The consumption rates for paints and varnishes (Table 1) are calculated in accordance with the “All-Union standards for the consumption of paints and varnishes” approved by the USSR State Supply Committee (Cherkassy, ​​1983).

1.2. The rate of material consumption (kg/t of structure) should be determined in accordance with the formula:

(1)

where N
m
is the standard consumption of paints and varnishes, g/m 2 microns (mandatory appendix 1);

j
m
is the share of dyeing methods in the industry (reference appendix 2);

К
n
- coefficient of the complexity group of painted structures (mandatory appendix 3);

j
n
is the proportion of structural complexity groups (reference appendix 4);

dav is the average thickness of one coating layer, µm (see Table 1);

Fav
2
/t;

TO

— coefficients of characteristics of the surface to be painted (mandatory Appendix 5);

m

— number of staining methods;

n

— number of difficulty groups.

The average specific area of ​​structures is determined as a weighted average value according to manufacturing plants and is 24 m 2 /t.

1.3. When developing standards, the state of the technology and technology of painting work at industry enterprises and the design and technological features of the structures being painted were taken into account - the ratio of the complexity groups of the surfaces being painted and the specific average area, i.e. surface area to be painted in 1 ton of structures.

1.4. The consumption rate of paints and varnishes is set for one layer of coating.

For the GF-021 primer, an additional consumption rate is given for a layer thickness of 20 microns (temporary protection for the period of transportation, storage and installation).

Table 1

2. CONSUMPTION RATES FOR SOLVENTS AND AUXILIARY MATERIALS

2.1. Consumption rates for solvents and auxiliary materials: driers, hardeners, etc. (Tables 2 and 3) are established on the basis of standards and technical specifications for paints and varnishes, as well as the results of experimental studies.

2.2. The consumption rates of solvents and auxiliary materials (kg/t) are determined based on the degree of dilution of paints and varnishes or the addition of additional components (%) given in reference appendix 6 and table. 3, according to the formula:

, (2)

where N

— consumption rate of paint and varnish material, kg/t;

IN

— the degree of dilution of the paint and varnish material to working viscosity or the amount of auxiliary material, %.

table 2

Table 3

3. METHOD OF CALCULATION OF SOLID AND GASEOUS WASTE PAINT AND VARNISH MATERIALS

3.1. The method is intended to determine solid and gaseous waste of paints and varnishes generated during the painting of structures at manufacturing plants.

The amount of solid waste Qt (kg/t) of paint and varnish materials deposited on technological equipment (walls of painting booths, racks, floors and in hydraulic filters) is calculated using the formula:

, (3)

where N

— consumption rate of paint and varnish material, kg/t (see Table 1);

TO

— coefficient of use of paints and varnishes by painting methods in accordance with clause 3.3.;

R

— content of non-volatile substances in paints and varnishes, % (see reference Appendix 6).

3.2. The amount of gaseous emissions generated during the process of painting structures and drying the coating is calculated using the formula:

, (4)

where in

— degree of dilution of the paint and varnish material to working viscosity, % (see reference Appendix 6).

3.3. The coefficient of use of paint and varnish material depends on the ratio of painting methods and complexity groups on the scale of the industry (enterprise).

The coefficient is calculated using the formula:

, (5)

where k
n
is the coefficient of use of paint and varnish material when painting
the nth
complexity group
the mth
painting method (mandatory Appendix 7),

q
n
is the specific gravity of the complexity group (see reference Appendix 4);

q
m
is the specific gravity of the staining method (see reference Appendix 2);

m

— number of difficulty groups.

An example of calculating solid and gaseous emissions of the GF-021 primer.

The calculation is carried out in the following order.

1. Determination of the industry average efficiency factor:

= 0,47 (0,76·0,15 + 0,66·0,42 + 0,45·0,43) + 0,42·(0,8·0,15 + 0,65·0,42 + 0,45·0,43)+0,03 (0,8·0,25 + 0,75·0,75) + 0,08·0,9·1 = 0,62

2. Determination of the amount of solid waste per 1 ton of painted structures:

3. Determination of the amount of gaseous waste (solvent vapor) per 1 ton of painted structures:

.

The industry average utilization rates of solid waste and gaseous emissions of the main paints and varnishes used in the industry are given in Table. 4.

Table 4

Annex 1

Mandatory

CONSUMPTION STANDARDS FOR PAINT AND VARNISH MATERIALS

* Standards are given for pneumatic and airless spraying with heating.

Notes:

1. Consumption standards for paints and varnishes of initial viscosity are given taking into account the maximum permissible losses for surfaces of the 1st complexity group per coating thickness of 1 micron.

2. Codes of paints and varnishes are given in accordance with the “All-Union Classifier of Industrial and Agricultural Products”.

3. Dashes indicate that these paints and varnishes are not applied using the specified method.

Appendix 2

Information

SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF DYE METHODS

Appendix 3

Mandatory

COEFFICIENTS OF GROUPS OF COMPLEXITY OF PAINTED STRUCTURES

Appendix 4

Information

SHARE OF GROUPS OF COMPLEXITY OF DESIGNS

Appendix 5

Mandatory

COEFFICIENTS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SURFACE TO BE PAINTED

Appendix 6

Information

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL INDICATORS OF PAINT AND VARNISH MATERIALS

* Dilution is done with drying oil.

Appendix 7

Mandatory

COEFFICIENTS OF USING PAINT MATERIALS

Notes:

1. The given coefficients are the minimum acceptable. When an enterprise or industry achieves higher indicators, higher coefficients are used to calculate standards.

2. A dash indicates that for this method of painting surfaces are not divided into difficulty groups.

Consumption per 1 m2

Calculation of paint consumption on the surface must be done before purchasing to save time and money. Standard values ​​are indicated by the manufacturer. Instructions are located on the packaging.

The economy of the composition largely depends on the correct preparation of the base. The opened enamel must be thoroughly mixed and diluted with special solvents or xylene, after which the surface can be prepared for application. To do this, you need to remove dirt and rust from the base, after which you need to thoroughly degrease it. If there is a layer of previous enamel, such as oil or alkyd paint, it should be cleaned. It is prohibited to apply primer-enamel over a nitro-containing coating.

It is recommended to apply enamel primer in 2 layers, taking a break of about an hour. When the composition is applied and dried, it can be coated with any paint and varnish material.

If you follow the application technology, the consumption of the composition will be about 80-100 milliliters per 1 m2. The number of layers depends on the needs and desires of the consumer and can range from 1 to 4.

Calculation of PF-115 consumption per 1 m2 of surface

The average rate of enamel consumption for applying one layer of coating is 110-130 grams per square meter of surface. Depending on the chosen color, one kilogram of enamel allows you to use a certain area:

• White enamel - from 7 to 10 m2;
• Black - from 17 to 20 m2;
• Blue and dark blue - from 11 to 14 m2;
• Brown - from 13 to 16 m2;
• Red or yellow - from 5 to 10 m2.

Enamel can be diluted using white spirit, solvent or a mixture of them in equal proportions. To apply paint to the surface, use a roller or brush, applying several layers of coating, each of which is allowed to dry for 24 hours.

Paint consumption indicator is an important factor when drawing up a work estimate. The paint consumption rates for metal depend, first of all, on the type of metal structures being painted, as well as the quality characteristics of the material.

It is customary to divide metal products into three groups depending on the type of structural material:

• black iron;
• galvanized steel;
• non-ferrous metals.

Each group of metals is characterized by certain working properties, and therefore the need for painting in each case is different. For example, non-ferrous metals rarely need painting, but ferrous iron needs to be painted, otherwise unfavorable environmental factors will lead to the development of corrosive processes.

Most often, oil and alkyd paints and varnishes are used for painting metal structures. These types of paints are best suited for protecting metal from rust and aggressive environments.

The best paints for rust 3 in 1

The presence of the “3 in 1” prefix indicates that the product works in several directions - primes, transforms rust and decorates. Products of this type are resistant to any impact. After analyzing reviews from consumers and experts, two nominees with the best recommendations were selected from among a variety of products.

Novbytkhim primer-enamel

Novbytkhim primer-enamel paint is intended for painting any type of surface. It is applicable both on new and already partially or completely corroded products. The composition of the product consists of resins of synthetic origin, additives, solvents (organics) and anti-corrosion components. The product combines the qualities of an anti-corrosion primer, a rust converter and a finishing enamel. Its consumption is quite small - up to 120 ml per m² when applied in a single layer.

Work can begin at an air temperature of -10°C. The coating is pre-cleaned from existing detachments. If it was painted with oil or alkyd compounds, then cleaning to a matte state is necessary. A brush and roller are suitable for applying the composition. The paint also adheres well when applied by air. For best results, apply 2 layers. Intermediate drying should last at least 60 minutes. It only takes 2 hours to dry completely.

Advantages

• Quick drying;
• Resistance to different types of exposure and temperature changes;
• High adhesion rates;
• Excellent decorative properties;
• Good hiding power.

Flaws

Not suitable for heated surfaces due to odor.

Metallista

The paint in question for rusty metal from a myrrh brand called Tikkurila provides a “3 in 1” effect. Thanks to the wax included in it, it creates increased protection of the metal from the negative effects of moisture, giving it excellent water-repellent properties. Structures coated with the composition will last at least a decade without updating. Metallista is immune to the effects of fats, lubricants, technical alcohols and turpentine, so its scope of application is unusually wide.

The manufacturer offers several basic shades for tinting, but in total they can be created up to 32 thousand. The hardened layer can easily withstand heating up to 80°C while maintaining the original color. It takes up to 2 hours for the applied composition to dry before it sticks. Before using Metallista, you need to add solvent. It fits well on uncleaned surfaces without first applying primer.

Advantages

• Creation of an insoluble base;
• Delay in corrosion formation;
• Eliminates the need for preliminary preparation of the base;
• Double chemical formula;
• Ease of use with any tool.

Flaws

• Sales in small volumes;
• The need for tinting;
• Not a very large number of ready-made colors (four).

Enamel is sold in small containers – from 400 ml to 2.5 liters.

How to calculate the area to paint metal structures by weight

The surface for painting is determined by the weight of metal structures according to the drawings, and the conversion factor is taken into account (painting area per 1 ton of structures). The volume of work is taken in m².

Conversion factor for different types of materials:

• with an uneven ratio of steel profiles - 23;
• with a predominance of angle steel - 27;
• with a predominance of universal and sheet steel - 19;
• with a predominance of beams and channels—29;
• for sheet steel, the thickness of which is from 2.5 to 4.5 mm - 24;
• for sheet steel, the thickness of which is more than 5 mm - 19;
• for bindings made of special profiles - 75.

Properties and application of primer enamel

Novbytkhim primer enamel has a very wide range of applications. It can be used for protective and decorative finishing of glossy, matte and rusty metal surfaces. Primer enamel 3 in 1 for hammerite rust?

The composition is in demand in everyday life for painting various fences, garages, gates, doors, safes, window grilles, furniture, etc. In addition, it is used to treat bridges, power lines, and agricultural machinery.

Primer enamel is used for painting products that are difficult to clean from rust for some reason: due to large dimensions, complex profile, lack of conditions.

The composition is suitable for treating rusty internal surfaces of cars: underbody, wings, etc. After drying, the enamel forms a coating that is resistant to salt water, mineral oils, as well as sudden temperature changes (withstands operation in the range from –45°C to + 60°C).

Paint for metal and rust is a universal 3-in-1 product; it combines the properties of an anti-corrosion primer, a rust converter and decorative enamel. Another advantage is the fact that the composition is diluted with water, does not have an unpleasant odor and does not emit harmful volatile substances.

The manufacturer does not recommend using enamel primer for finishing heated surfaces that are planned to be used indoors.

Surface preparation

Remove the flaking coating from previously painted surfaces with a scraper, and then clean them with a steel brush. Contaminated items are washed with a solution of washing powder, rinsed and dried.

Oil and grease stains are removed with a rag soaked in white spirit.

It is also recommended to do a test application of enamel primer on previously painted surfaces. In case of swelling or peeling of the old coating, it is removed with a special remover.

On unpainted products made of steel and ferrous metals, 3 in 1 paint from Novbytkhim is applied without prior priming. You just need to make sure that the surface is free of dirt.

When working with galvanized metal or aluminum, glossy surfaces are sanded to a matte texture, and dust from grinding is removed. The product is then washed with water and dried. Before painting, apply one coat of Hammerite Special Metals Primer or similar products from other manufacturers, for example: Grit Metal or Rostex Super (Tikkurila).

Rusty metal surfaces are cleaned of loose and loose fragments using a metal brush or sandpaper to a solid base. The surface is washed with water and dried. Preliminary priming is not required in this case.

How to do the calculation yourself

To correctly calculate the amount of paint, you need to know two parameters - the area of ​​the surface to be painted and the consumption rate per 1 square meter. It is easy to determine the area of ​​the walls using a tape measure and simple mathematical formulas:

1. Measure the length (a) and width (b) of the room in meters and determine the perimeter (P) of the room using the formula P = (a+b) × 2. 2. Measure the height of the walls (h) or the distance from the floor to the painting line . 3. Calculate the area (S) to be painted using the formula S = P × h. 4. Take into account all door and window openings, calculate their total area and subtract them from S walls.

The resulting value is used to determine the required volume of material. To do this, the area of ​​the walls without openings must be multiplied by the consumption rate, which is indicated on the packaging.

Example

Room length – 4.2 m Room width – 3.4 m Wall height from floor to ceiling – 2.6 m Window opening – 1.5 × 1.7 m Doorway – 0.8 × 2.0 m Consumption per 1 sq. m – 120 grams

P = (4.2 + 3.4) × 2 = 15.2 S = 15.2 × 2.6 = 39.52 S windows = 1.5 × 1.7 = 2.55 S doors = 0.8 × 2.0 = 1.6 39.52 – (2.55 + 1.6) = 35.37 120 × 35.37 = 4 244.4 grams or 4.244 kg

To paint the walls in a room 3.4 m wide, 4.2 m long and 2.6 m high in one layer, you will need 4.2 kg of paint.

Taking into account errors

For an accurate calculation, additional parameters must be taken into account:

• dry residue – the amount of substances remaining on the dried surface; • composition density – how much paint is in 1 cubic centimeter; • hiding power is an indicator of the color coverage of the base.

To determine the actual paint consumption, use the formula:

(hiding power / dry residue) × 100 The resulting value is multiplied by the area of ​​the walls.

Example: Painting area – 35 sq. m Covering capacity – 130 grams per 1 sq. m Dry residue – 60% (130 / 60) × 100 = 216.6 grams per 1 sq. m 216.6 × 35 = 7,581

To paint 35 square meters in one layer you will need 7.6 kg.

With an increase in the amount of solid fillers compared to polymers, the density of the paint and varnish material increases. The compositions lose their plasticity and increase consumption. It is allowed to dilute the products with special compounds, depending on the type of paint, to reduce the density.

The best hammer paints for rust

Hammer paints form a specific rough coating, creating the effect of being hammered. At the same time, the enamel perfectly protects against moisture and temperature changes. After assessing the technical characteristics and feedback from specialists, 2 winners were selected that met the necessary requirements.

Hammerite

...I used enamel to paint a metal door to evaluate the strength of the hammer effect. Hammerite well masks unevenness that has arisen during the use of the canvas and creates a visually impressive coating... Expert opinion

Another best anti-rust paint to protect metal during both exterior and interior work. It adheres well to substrates with signs of rust due to its high adhesion rate. The enamel creates a smooth coating with excellent water-repellent properties even on a rusty, unprepared surface and completely hardens within 2 hours after application. The product has excellent heat resistance, maintaining its integrity even when heated (up to 80°C).

Hammerite is designed to protect ferrous metals exclusively. It contains corrosion-inhibiting components - alkyd varnish, sunlight-resistant pigments and functional additives. It is allowed to start painting when the air is heated to 5°C with a roller, brush or spray, which allows you to choose the most convenient tool in each specific case. After applying the base coat, wait at least 5 hours. The manufacturer offers 11 shades.

Advantages

• Resistance to aggressive factors;
• Ease of application to corrosion areas;
• Does not require preparatory work;
• Suitable for outdoor and indoor work;
• Lead free.

Flaws

• Not low cost;
• Hammerite solvent is required for dilution.

Zip Guard

This is a urethane rustproof paint designed for metal surfaces, but it is also suitable for concrete and wood. Enamel can be used directly in areas with signs of corrosion. In this case, it is not necessary to carry out any actions to clean the affected areas, except in cases where there is swelling of the old coating - they must be removed.

In the production of Zip Guard, the Ziprust technology is used, which allows you to apply a layer without the prior use of primers. Enamel can be used for interior and exterior work. It is a one-component composition and creates a corrosion-resistant coating due to the combination of the properties of the soil, anti-corrosion components and the finishing composition.

Advantages

• Protection of all types of surfaces, not just metal;
• There is no need for surface preparation;
• Suitability for external and internal work;
• Creation of a durable coating with anti-corrosion properties.

Flaws

• Glossy surfaces must be sanded before painting;
• It takes a long time to dry.

Assortment of paints for metal

When choosing a paint and varnish material for painting a metal surface, you should pay attention to only two large groups:

1. Alkyd paints. In turn, there is a division into two subgroups - these are oil compositions (their basis is drying oil) and enamels.
2. Acrylic coatings.

The latter are leaders because they have a greater number of advantages:

• the applied layer is strong and durable;
• do not fade or deform for a long time;
• there is protection against corrosion;
• able to withstand high temperatures;
• environmental friendliness and non-flammability.

For interior painting, choose acrylic compounds, as they are safer for health and do not have a pungent odor. If you need to carry out external work, you can opt for enamels.

Alkyd paints can withstand temperatures of no more than 80º C. While for acrylic types this figure reaches 120º C.

Composition and technical characteristics

Hammer or other primer has a good effect when used on a metal surface. All properties are available thanks to the composition of this substance, which includes the following components:

• First of all, this substance contains alkyd varnish, which promotes adhesion to the surface;
• there are various functional additives to reduce the impact of sand on the structure;
• in addition, the components of this solution contain special enzymes, as well as organic and inorganic fillers;
• among other things, the structure of this coating contains organic fillers and auxiliary pigments.

As a rule, the main purpose of pigments is to give the composition a certain shade. Often, this type of ground-effect enamel is black in color, which is why its use is widespread in practice. Depending on the aerosol filling and production technology, such a dye has a specific purpose. Most often it is anti-corrosion protection of a metal surface.

Consumption per 1m2

Before considering how long this composition option takes to dry, it is necessary to clarify the consumption of this enamel per 1 m2. In this case, the following indicators are established:

1. as a rule, with correct and rational application, a layer of 0.1 millimeters is formed;
2. if we talk about a single-layer coating, then per square meter it takes from 130 to 140 grams of composition;
3. provided that the application technology is not followed, and in addition a brush or roller is used, then the consumption may increase to 200 grams.

It should be understood that all these values ​​are prescribed by the paint manufacturer and are not always preserved in practice. In this case, the composition consumption during normal use can vary from 130 to 250 grams.

Consumption of oil paint per 1m2 on metal.

Calculation of oil dye for metal, calculated in grams, is the most convenient indicator, since most often we know information about the surface area in advance. The area needs to be calculated, taking into account all the unevenness, the level of absorption, how many layers need to be applied.

Among the most significant factors determining material consumption, color should also be highlighted. The number of layers and quality of the coating will depend on this. Since color density depends on pigmentation, costs will vary depending on the tone.

Oil paint consumption rates.

The standard calculation of material when painting in one layer is 130-140 g per 1 m2. Light-colored paints have a lower density, which increases their consumption, meaning the surface will have to be painted in two or three layers.

The table shows the calculation of oil dye depending on color:

Advantages and disadvantages

This type of paint coating has a number of positive and negative qualities. Let's take a closer look at the main advantages of the coating:

1. this composition dries quickly enough;
2. the necessary protective property for the surface is present;
3. minor existing corrosion is eliminated;
4. relatively low cost;
5. there is no need to buy different materials for work;
6. can be used for any purpose.

Despite a number of advantages, there are also some disadvantages. Small temperature range for operation. At high humidity, the composition hardens slowly. If used as a full coating, polishing is required.

Advantages and disadvantages

Let's take a closer look at the advantages and disadvantages of the material that are typical for all manufacturers.

The undeniable advantages of primer-enamel over classical protective coatings (meaning primer GF-021 and enamel PF-115) include the following points:

1. Surface preparation is greatly simplified when using an anti-corrosion compound. Its application does not require thorough cleaning of rust-affected areas and additional surface treatment with a special modifier, followed by its neutralization with a soda solution. Primer enamel can be applied even to residual rust; it is enough to remove the peeling coating and loose corrosion formations from the surface being treated.
2. The decorative and protective properties of the material are noticeably higher than those of alkyd coatings. Alkyd-urethane varnish, acting as a binding element, has greater hardness, wear resistance and is less susceptible to moisture and aggressive environments than alkyd varnish used in primers such as GF-021 and enamel PF-115.

To ensure reliable anti-corrosion protection for 5 years, it is necessary to apply one layer of GF type primer and two layers of PF-115 enamel, while enamel primer is sufficient to apply in two layers. When applying three layers, the service life of the decorative protective coating increases to 7 years.

1. The use of the material can significantly reduce the time required for painting work. It should be recalled here that the GF-021 primer dries within 12 hours, and one layer of PF-15 enamel completely polymerizes in 24 hours. Thus, to obtain a protective coating it will take: 12+24+24=60 hours.

One layer of the composition at an ambient temperature of 20C does not exceed 6 hours, which allows you to completely complete painting work in 12 hours.

1. All components of the protective coating (rust modifier, primer and enamel) are in one can, which greatly simplifies their application and reduces the number of tools required.

The main, and perhaps the only, disadvantage of primer-enamel is their high cost, however, upon closer examination, this disadvantage also turns out to be quite dubious. The fact is that the estimate for painting work takes into account not only the price of the material. It also takes into account the cost of preparatory work and application of each individual layer.

When using this composition, the preparatory work is significantly simplified, and the protective and decorative coating itself is applied not in three, but in two layers, so the total cost of the work differs slightly.

Original color and surface structure

The initial shade of the surfaces is of primary importance. It is enough to cover white walls with one light layer in order to refresh the color or hide the translucent patterns of the base. If you choose bright or dark colors, you will have to paint it two or more times.

Hiding power is the ability of a pigment, when painted evenly, to cover the color of the base and make the differences between contrasting areas invisible.

According to the standards of the Russian Federation, the coverage coefficient is determined in grams of pigmented material required to cover 1 square meter of surface in one layer. According to this characteristic, there are 4 classes. The lower the number, the better the new shade will cover the previous coating. Accordingly, the consumption of finishing material for class 1 paint will be minimal.

A well-prepared surface will require less paint. If whitewash remains on the walls, it must be thoroughly washed off with plenty of water. Remains of old coatings, plaster, glue - everything must be removed. The clean surface should be sanded and coated with a primer, which will save consumption.

If you do not treat the walls with a primer, the amount of product will increase significantly:

• on wooden surfaces – up to 10 percent; • unprimed plaster – by 15 percent; • for drywall – by 40 percent;

A lot of paint and varnish material will be required to cover the embossed wallpaper. Costs will double compared to treated concrete walls.

The standard paint consumption is in the range of 120-140 grams per 1 square meter of surface when painting in one layer. The lighter the shade, the less dense the consistency. In this case, the consumption increases because you have to paint several times.

3 in 1 rust primer – what is it?

Three-in-one primer enamel is a coating for metal that combines decorative and protective functions. Consists of rust-neutralizing anti-corrosion additives, primer coating and coloring enamel.

Three-in-one primer enamel is a coating for metal that combines decorative and protective functions.

Scope and technical characteristics

Used for painting various metal mechanisms, buildings, as well as products: fences, gates, enclosures, pipes, profiles, car bodies. Primer-enamel 3 in 1 is suitable for painting rust surfaces with a layer of no more than 100 microns. Enamel with special heat-resistant additives is used to cover batteries and other heated surfaces. Metal structures that are constantly in a humid environment are painted with a three-in-one composition with special plasticizers to avoid destruction and oxidation.

Components in the enamel:

• Anti-corrosion ingredients that neutralize corrosion and prevent its further occurrence;
• Alkyd-urethane varnishes are a binding ingredient, thanks to which the paint dries quickly;
• Enamels give the metal well-groomed, noble, and resistant to outside influences;
• Solvents provide optimal consistency. If the enamel has thickened, it is diluted with white spirit or solvent;
• The elastic properties and durability of the enamel are given by plasticizers and other components that the manufacturer adds to the composition.

Main technical characteristics:

• Primer enamel allows you to paint metal quickly, without unnecessary complications, and gives a long-lasting impressive appearance;
• Primer-enamel for rust 3 in 1 is available in various shades. Manufacturers offer a wide, rich palette: metallic, glossy, matte.

Enamel with special heat-resistant additives is used to cover batteries and other heated surfaces.

Service life of protective coating

If all stages of application are followed, the service life of painted products located in the building is more than 10 years. For street structures exposed to various adverse external influences – 7 years.

If all stages of application are followed, the service life of painted products located in the building is more than 10 years.

What needs to be taken into account when calculating

Not only people associated with the exact sciences should be careful and pedantic in determining the correct repair costs. Anyone who decides to change the interior of an apartment must take seriously the calculations of the required materials. The remains have no further use and, given the short shelf life in open containers, they are thrown away.

If you don’t buy enough wall paint, it will be difficult to choose a shade later. The coincidence of numbers marking a color does not always guarantee an exact match to the shade. The determining factor for the same tone is the product lot number.

All the necessary information about the method of use is written on the jars. Including the consumption for painting 1 square meter of wall area. It is difficult to navigate these data because average figures are given, without the specifics of each repair.

When calculating the amount of paint for decoration, a number of factors must be taken into account:

1. Initial surface color. If the wall is painted in a bright tone, then the intended light shades will need to be laid in several layers. And any shade will go well with white. 2. The tool that will be used during work – a brush, roller or paint sprayer. 3. The degree of smoothness of the walls. Porous and rough surfaces will require increased consumption. 4. Paint composition. With additional tinting, the amount of coverage required may increase.

A careful study of all the details of applying paint to the walls will ensure the correct calculation and save money, which is already spent in large quantities during repairs.

Application

Before applying primer-enamel, the surface to be treated must be prepared: clean it of the flaking previous coating, remove large and loose pockets of rust. After this, the product should be re-cleaned from dust and dirt and, if necessary, degreased with white spirit. All this will ensure the best primer-enamel adhesion, make work easier and provide a high-quality finish coating.

Before direct use, the composition must be thoroughly mixed. Depending on the complexity and size of the surface being treated, enamel can be applied using a brush, roller or spray. Small parts can be processed by dipping.

Before covering the entire structure, it is advisable to try painting a small area to evaluate the correct color selection and the quality of the finishing layer.

The average material consumption per m2 is 80-120 ml for one layer. The number of layers applied depends on the degree of protection and the desired effect and ranges from 1 to 4. Each manufacturer indicates on the packaging recommendations for primer consumption and application method to the product.

The drying time of the primer-enamel is short: to the “touch-to-touch” stage – about 30 minutes, and the time for complete drying – about 4 hours. In order for the product to be resistant to salt, water and oil, it must be kept for several days (up to 7 days) before use.

In the open air, the process of drying the primer-enamel and removing the specific odor occurs faster than indoors. Therefore, manufacturers recommend painting the base outdoors or in a ventilated area.

For a review of primer-enamel for rust from Dali, see the following video.

About paint and varnish consumption standards

In order to correctly calculate the number of square meters of surfaces to be painted, the calculation should take into account not only the application of the formula, but also that a liter of paint and varnish is used to paint different numbers of squares for different substrates, for example, the calculated data are as follows:

• 15 m2 – for metal;
• 16 m2 – for a newly plastered wall and sanded wood;
• 10 m2 – for wallpaper with a relief pattern;
• 8-10 m2 – for untreated wood;
• 15-17 m2 – for a primed plaster surface.

It is important to consider that when using material, a direct dependence on the application method, for example, with a spray gun or brush, plays a role. In the latter case, paint consumption will be slightly higher.

Program for automatic calculation of area (1 video)

What you will need (16 photos)

The Best Anti-Rust Paints for Exterior

Paint and varnish products of this group protect metal surfaces from exposure to water and other factors. The leading properties on the basis of which the nominees were selected were the preservation of the characteristics declared by the manufacturer at peak temperatures, resistance to various types of loads and complete coverage of the base. 2 representatives of the group meet these requirements.

Kudo

Primer-enamel with 3 in 1 effect “Kudo creates a dense matte finish. It is suitable for working exclusively with ferrous metals, but it can also paint new and corroded surfaces. The composition is based on alkyd varnish. Additionally, it contains resins obtained synthetically, as well as xylene, coloring particles, corrosion inhibitors, dimethyl ether and methyl acetate. Due to its minimal odor, the product can be used indoors.

Kudo is considered a very good paint for rust on metal, combining the properties of a rust inhibitor, compounds that improve adhesion, and finishing decor. Thanks to this, the product allows you to create lasting protection in a short time. It is allowed to start work at 10°C. The enamel is sold in a can. Thanks to the aerosol format, it allows you to perform high-quality painting in the most difficult to access areas. Painting is done in layers, but the second layer is allowed to be applied only after 15 minutes. Requires 2 hours to fully cure.

Advantages

• Easy application;
• “3 in 1” effect;
• Excellent hiding power;
• Good adhesion performance;
• Eliminates the need for special surface preparation.

Flaws

Not suitable for light metals.

If, when working with Kudo, the second layer was not applied within two hours, then work will need to be continued only after two weeks.

Dali

“Dali” paint is a modern “3 in 1” primer-enamel for rust. It is recommended for new and already corroded metal surfaces. Before processing them, you need to make sure that there is no detachment in the affected part. If there is one, then the product will need to be pre-treated with a metal brush, removing the swollen areas.

Due to the absence of a strong odor, Dali is recommended for indoor spaces. The product is allowed to be used on surfaces made of cast iron, stainless alloy steel, non-ferrous metal, galvanized metal. It is allowed to start painting with the onset of warm weather, when the air warms up to 8°C, after first degreasing and drying the coating. The consumption of the product is small: to apply one layer over an area of ​​up to 18 m² you will need about 1 kg.

Advantages

• Glossy finish;
• Application directly to the corroded layer;
• Resistance to temperature changes and atmospheric influences;
• No brush marks left;
• Anti-corrosion protection combined with a decorative effect;
• Super durable.

Flaws

• Application in 2-3 layers;
• Final drying within 7 days;
• Not a budget price.

To dilute rust enamel paint, you can use xylene and solvent, but in an amount of no more than 10% of the total weight.

Covering power depends on the base composition and additives

We paint it ourselves

By calculating the area of ​​walls and other surfaces to be painted in m2, you can determine the paint consumption for the entire repair. This must be done specifically for the selected material. For example, products from Dulux and Tikkuril are more expensive, but they are more economical to work with and are applied in a whiter, thinner layer. Water-based compositions cover a large surface area of ​​the walls with 1 kg of substance. NTs-132 and PF-115 create a durable film, but more of them are required per 1 m2.

The hiding power of the paint depends on the base. The table shows for comparison the average figures for the Dulux and Tikkuril formulations.

Separate tables have been created for paint NTs-132 and PF-115, since their weight in 1 liter and consumption depend on the color pigments.

When calculating the amount of material, you need to take into account how many layers will need to be applied to properly cover a given surface.

Specifications

There is an opinion that you can prepare an enamel primer yourself by mixing the primer with the paint you like. However, the result will probably be disastrous, because mechanical mixing will only worsen the properties of both the primer and the enamel. It's all about a special production technology for producing primer-enamel, thanks to which the primer layer will adhere to the surface of the product, and the finishing varnish layer will remain on the surface. For this purpose, various additives and additives are introduced into the composition.

The manufacturing technology of multifunctional primers gives them excellent qualities.

• Temperature resistance. It is recommended to apply primer-enamel at a temperature of 20°C - then the drying temperature and material properties declared by the manufacturer will be achieved. But if necessary, you can use it even at sub-zero temperatures. And the applied and dried primer-enamel retains all its properties at temperatures from -45°C to +100°C.
• Density and elasticity of the finished coating. If applied correctly, cracks will not appear for several years.

• Low material consumption. Compared to classic paints and varnishes, the consumption of primer-enamel will be approximately 30% less, even if the coating is applied in several layers.
• Weather resistance. Products coated with primer-enamel are resistant to sun, moisture, salt and oil, which makes this material ideal for refreshing outdoor interiors.

A variation of traditional primer enamel is hammer paint. Metal powder is additionally introduced into its composition, and the treated surface looks like it was processed by a forge - hence the name of the paint. It can be unmistakably identified by its textured “shagreen” surface and metallic sheen. It is also applied to rust, combining the functions of primer and enamel.

Due to metallic additives, this paint is more difficult to apply by spraying; a brush or roller is required when working with it. Also, on vertical surfaces, metal particles may move downward, which will deteriorate the original appearance of the product. But when applied using hammer enamel technology, it looks very impressive on interior items.

Calculation of material consumption for painting metal structures depending on layer thickness

You can determine the amount of materials required for uniform coloring of the product using the formula. The calculation is made in accordance with existing standards.

Image No. 2: formula for calculating the consumption of materials for painting metal structures

Explanation of values:

A is the amount of paint consumption, g/m2, µm;

ρ is the density of the dry paint film, g/cm3;

P is the percentage of non-volatile substances in the paint, %;

k1 is the paint utilization coefficient (accepted value is 0.6);

k2 is a coefficient that takes into account the characteristics of the surface of the product: 1.15 for the first layer, 1.05 for the second and 1.0 for the third.

h is the thickness of the paint layer, microns.